Which of the following is a major terrestrial biome?

The tundra is classified as a major terrestrial biome due to its distinct climate, flora, and fauna. It is characterized by cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and permafrost—permanently frozen ground that affects the types of plants and animals that can thrive there. The tundra experiences minimal precipitation, primarily in the form of snow, and supports low-growing vegetation such as mosses, lichens, and small shrubs.

In addition, the tundra plays a significant role in global ecology, contributing to carbon storage and providing habitat for various species, including migratory birds and polar mammals. This biome is crucial for ecological studies and understanding climate change, as its permafrost layers release greenhouse gases when thawed.

In contrast, coral reefs, freshwater environments, and deserts do not fall under the category of terrestrial biomes. Coral reefs are marine ecosystems, freshwater environments include lakes and rivers, while deserts are a different category of terrestrial biome with characteristics that sharply differ from tundra. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the classification of biomes and their ecological significance.