What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?

Decomposers play a crucial role in ecosystems by breaking down organic matter from dead plants, animals, and waste materials. This process not only helps in recycling nutrients back into the soil but also maintains the health of the ecosystem by preventing the accumulation of dead material. By decomposing organic matter, these organisms release essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are vital for plant growth. This nutrient cycling supports the productivity of ecosystems, allowing plants to thrive and providing the foundation for food webs.

The other roles mentioned in the options do not align with the function of decomposers. For instance, photosynthesis is a process carried out by producers, such as plants and algae, to convert sunlight into energy. Energy storage typically relates to how organisms, particularly producers and some consumers, store energy in the form of biomass or chemical energy for later use. Predation involves the relationship between predators and their prey, which is distinct from the nutrient recycling that decomposers facilitate. Thus, the correct option highlights the essential function decomposers serve in enhancing soil fertility and promoting ecosystem sustainability.