What impact do decomposers have on soil quality?

Decomposers play a crucial role in enhancing soil quality primarily by breaking down organic matter. This process involves the decomposition of dead plants, animals, and other organic materials, which results in the release of nutrients back into the soil. As decomposers like bacteria, fungi, and macrofauna (such as earthworms) break down complex organic compounds, they convert them into simpler forms that are more available for uptake by plants.

The breakdown of organic matter not only leads to increased nutrient availability but also contributes to the formation of humus, a dark, nutrient-rich component of soil. Humus improves soil structure, water retention, and aeration, all of which are vital for supporting plant growth. Therefore, the role of decomposers is essential in maintaining and improving the health and fertility of soil, thus directly impacting the ecosystem's functionality.