What happens during the process of ammonification?

During ammonification, organic matter, such as dead plants and animals or animal waste, undergoes decomposition. This process is facilitated by microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, which break down complex organic compounds to release ammonia (NH₃) as a byproduct. This ammonia can then be utilized by plants or further processed by other groups of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle.

The key aspect of ammonification is its role in recycling nutrients within ecosystems. By converting nitrogen contained in organic forms into ammonia, ammonification not only returns nitrogen to the soil but also helps maintain the nitrogen balance in the environment. This process is essential for sustaining plant growth since plants can take up ammonia and convert it into organic molecules as necessary.

In summary, ammonification is the breakdown of organic matter into ammonia, playing a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle and nutrient recycling within ecosystems.