How is biodiversity defined?

Biodiversity is defined as the variety of life in a specific habitat or ecosystem. This encompasses not only the number of different species present but also the genetic variations within those species and the ecosystems they form. It reflects the abundance and distribution of various forms of life, including different plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the complex interactions among them.

This concept is crucial because a rich biodiversity typically indicates a more resilient ecosystem, capable of withstanding environmental stressors and maintaining ecological balance. Areas with high biodiversity are often considered healthier and more productive, providing essential services such as pollination, water purification, and habitat stability.

In contrast, definitions focusing solely on the number of organisms within a single species, the health of a single ecosystem, or the genetic similarity of individuals do not capture the full scope of biodiversity, as they limit the understanding of the intricate web of life and interdependencies that characterize natural ecosystems.